Identification and Transferability of Tetracycline Resistance in Streptococcus thermophilus during Milk Fermentation, Storage, and Gastrointestinal Transit
نویسندگان
چکیده
The existence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in food products, particularly those carrying acquired resistance genes, has increased concerns about the transmission these genes from beneficial microbes to human pathogens. In this study, we evaluated antibiotic resistance-susceptibility patterns 16 antibiotics eight S. thermophilus strains, whose genome sequence is available, using phenotypic and genomic approaches. minimal inhibitory concentration values collected revealed intermediate aminoglycosides, whereas susceptibility was detected for different classes ?-lactams, quinolones, glycopeptide, macrolides, sulfonamides all strains. A high tetracycline level been strain M17PTZA496, analysis indicated presence tet(S) gene multidrug toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family efflux pump. Moreover, an in-depth islands integrative mobilizable element (IME) proximity tet(S). However, despite a prophage, islands, IME, no horizontal transfer Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis DSM 20355 Lactobacillusrhamnosus GG during 24 h skim milk fermentation, 2 weeks refrigerated storage, 4 simulated gastrointestinal transit.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Fermentation
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2311-5637']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7020065